The US House of Representatives has approved new Hong Kong-related
sanctions, after Beijing imposed a security law that was condemned by
countries around the world.
The measure, which was passed unanimously, penalises banks that do
business with Chinese officials.
It will have to be approved by the Senate before going to President
Trump.
Critics say China's law ends freedoms that were guaranteed for 50 years
when British rule ended in 1997.
"The law is a brutal, sweeping crackdown against the people of Hong
Kong, intended to destroy the freedoms they were promised," said House
Speaker Nancy Pelosi.
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson said the passing of the law was a
"clear and serious breach" of the 1985 Sino-British joint
declaration.
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Why people are scared of Hong Kong's new law
Under this declaration, Hong Kong was handed back to China in 1997,
with certain freedoms guaranteed for at least 50 years under the "one
country, two systems" agreement.
The UK has offered residency, and then citizenship, to up to three
million Hong Kongers.
But on Thursday China threatened "corresponding measures" to block the
citizenship plan.
"If the British side makes unilateral changes to the relevant practice,
it will breach its own position and pledges, as well as international
law and basic norms," said the Chinese Embassy in the UK.
Meanwhile, a 24-year-old man from Hong Kong - suspected of stabbing a
police officer during Wednesday's protests - has been arrested on a
plane while trying to flee to London.
The suspect, known only as Mr Wong, was detained on the plane moments
before it set off.
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China said the security law was necessary to stop the type of protests
seen in Hong Kong during much of 2019.
And despite condemnation in the West, more than 50 countries, led by
Cuba, supported China at the UN this week.
What does the US law say?
The Hong Kong Autonomy Act imposes sanctions on banks that do business
with Chinese officials who are involved in cracking down on
pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong.
Ms Pelosi said the law was an "urgently needed response to [China's
passing] of its so-called 'national security' law... which is purpose
built to dismantle democratic freedoms in Hong Kong".
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What if the US removes Hong Kong's special status?
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US imposes visa restrictions on Chinese officials
Before the bill was signed, the US had already began eliminating Hong
Kong's special status - halting defence exports and restricting the
territory's access to high-technology products.
Last year, the US had also signed into law the Human Rights and
Democracy Act, supporting pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong.
What have other countries said?
The UK said it will offer up to three million Hong Kong residents the
chance to settle there and ultimately apply for full British
citizenship.
Australia is also "actively considering" offering safe haven to Hong
Kong residents - with Prime Minister Scott Morrison saying there were
proposals that will "soon be considered by cabinet".
Japan was among the other countries that spoke out against the law,
calling it "regrettable".
"It will undermine trust for the principle of 'one country, two
systems'" said Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi.
European Council President Charles Michel said it "deplored" the law -
adding that it had a "detrimental effect on the independence of the
judiciary and rule of law".
And Canada changed its travel advice to Hong Kong, saying the new law
"increased the risk of arbitrary detention on national security grounds
and possible extradition to mainland China".
Yesterday, a senior Chinese official slammed foreign critics, saying
Hong Kong's affairs were "none of your business".
Have all countries been critical?
No. At the United Nations this week, Cuba - on behalf of 53 countries -
welcomed the law.
Speaking at the 44th session of the United Nations Human Rights
Council, it said: "Non-interference in internal affairs of sovereign
states is an essential principle enshrined in the Charter of the United
Nations.
"We believe every country has the right to safeguard its national
security through legislation, and commend relevant steps taken for this
purpose."